Adding these substances can be quite complex and require extensive jar testing. Though it can reduce the amounts of solids in a solution, it still requires the addition of chemicals to achieve this. These particles typically may not settle during a sedimentation process and would pass through a subsequent filtration system.Ĭhemical coagulation is, at its core, an additive process. Therefore, decreasing the overall detention time of the wastewater treatment process.Ĭhemical coagulation can also aid the settling of finer colloidal particles and mineral contaminants. The main consideration behind the use of chemical coagulation is that it speeds up the time it would take for the solids to settle on their own. Other supplements include polymers, which act as an aid for the aggregation of solids. Alum, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and lime are some of the additives used to neutralize the charged particles. This process warrants the addition of a number of chemical additives to achieve the desired destabilized state. There are currently two well-known methods of coagulation:Ĭhemical coagulation is a well known method of particle coagulation. To destabilize this electrical charge, an opposite charge must be applied to the solution, enabling the colloids and other minerals to aggregate. Because of their similar electrical charges, the particles repel one another and prevent them from settling quickly. This process involves destabilizing the charged particles in the solution. Sedimentation and filtration are methods that have been used in the past, but these methods cannot remove many of the smallest particles.Ĭoagulation has become a popular method of reducing the TSS and, in some cases, TDS of wastewater. Course screening and grit chambers will reduce the TSS but must be followed by a more refined solids removal process. Wastewater influents contain varying levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS). These processes can be accomplished in multiple ways, either by chemical or non-chemical techniques, and each have their own benefits and disadvantages. These wastewater treatment methods are coagulation and disinfection, respectively. In tertiary treatment, harmful microbiological matter is rendered killed or inactive so that it will not cause sickness to those organisms that encounter it. Without this step, subsequent treatment would be less effective. In the primary treatment process, solids are reduced to a large extent. However, primary treatment and tertiary are critical to the overall process. Every stage in a wastewater treatment process is important to achieve the desired treatment results.
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